Music Therapy and Dementia

Dementia, characterized by severe impairment of themind and makes possible some amount of social,
person's intellectual capacity, emotional disturbanceemotional or cognitive connection. Symptoms such as
and personality changes, is caused by a number ofagitation and confusion among those people suffering
different reasons such as the loss of neurons in thefrom dementia can also be soothed out by the
brain due to head injury, metabolic disorders, or evenrelaxing and soothing effects of music.
due to a tumor in the brain.The degree of familiarity, the degree of liking of the
The human brain has 2 hemispheres -- the leftpatient for that particular music and the memories
hemisphere and the right hemisphere. A large sectionassociated with the music or the significance that the
of the person's brain is usually damaged in a patientmusic holds for the individual are certain factors which
suffering from dementia. While the language skills of adefine the extent of positive impact or beneficial
person are exclusively controlled by the lefteffects of the music therapy. While a familiar music
hemisphere of the brain, music is perceived by manycan elicit positive responses such as tapping of
different parts of the brain rather than just onefingers and feet to the tune, humming, rhythmic
particular part of the brain since the differentmovement of body organs with the music, or a
elements of music such as rhythm, pitch, and melodychange of expression on the face, unfamiliar music
are all processed differently by distinct parts of thefails to register itself in the brain in the first place.
human brain. Therefore, it is capable of reaching theTherefore, we cannot find positive effects in the
remaining healthy sections of the patient's brain.patient when unfamiliar music is played during the
Music is received and processed by different brainmusic therapy sessions. Similarly, familiar setting can
stem cells and therefore, even severely dementedhelp the patient relate more to the place, and makes
people can respond to music. Music can be perceivedhim feel more reassured and comforted.
and hence, used as a means of communication forThe music therapist must be very careful about the
people suffering from dementia, whose skills ofpitch and the volume of the music used for therapy
comprehending or learning languages is severelybecause even these factors have a great impact on
impaired. When all other modes of communication failthe patient. While a high pitch and high volume can
to make any impact, music, with its non-verbalcause anxiety and pressure to build up, a low pitch
stimulant qualities, tends to penetrate the patient'smakes them feel more relaxed.